Building Plasma 5

#### Beyond Linux® From Scratch (systemd Edition) - Version 9.0

### Chapter 32. KDE Plasma 5

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# Building Plasma 5

KDE Plasma 5 is a collection of packages based on top of KDE Frameworks 5 and QML. They implement the KDE Display Environment (Plasma 5).

This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-9.0 platform.

The instructions below build all of the Plasma 5 packages in one step by using a bash script.

### Package Information

- Download (HTTP): http://download.kde.org/stable/plasma/5.16.4

- Download MD5 sum: See Below

- Download size: 97 MB

- Estimated disk space required: 1.1 GB (294 MB installed)

- Estimated build time: 20 SBU (using parallelism=4)

### Plasma 5 Dependencies

#### Required

GConf-3.2.6, GTK+-2.24.32, GTK+-3.24.10, KDE Frameworks-5.61.0, libpwquality-1.4.0, libxkbcommon-0.8.4, Mesa-19.1.4 built with Wayland-1.17.0, NetworkManager-1.20.0, pipewire-0.2.6, PulseAudio-12.2, qca-2.2.1, sassc-3.6.1, taglib-1.11.1, and xcb-util-cursor-0.1.3

#### Recommended

fftw-3.3.8, gsettings-desktop-schemas-3.32.0, libdbusmenu-qt-0.9.3+16.04.20160218, libcanberra-0.30, libinput-1.14.0, Linux-PAM-1.3.1, lm_sensors-3.4.0, oxygen-icons5-5.61.0, and pciutils-3.6.2

#### Optional

GLU-9.0.1, ibus-1.5.20, Xorg Synaptics Driver-1.9.1, appstream-qt, KDevPlatform, libgps, libhybris, libraw1394, mockcpp, packagekit-qt, Qalculate, Qapt, SCIM, and socat (for pam_kwallet)

User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/kf5

## Downloading KDE Plasma5

The easiest way to get the KDE Plasma5 packages is to use a single wget to fetch them all at once:

    url=http://download.kde.org/stable/plasma/5.16.4/
    wget -r -nH -nd -A '*.xz' -np $url

    The options used here are:
      -r            recurse through child directories
      -nH           disable generation of host-prefixed directories
      -nd           do not create a hierarchy of directories
      -A '*.xz'     just get the *.xz files
      -np           don't get parent directories

## Setting Package Order

The order of building files is important due to internal dependencies. Create the list of files in the proper order as follows:

    cat > plasma-5.16.4.md5 << "EOF"
    5e44ce8c340a2776d0c26c01e052de98  kdecoration-5.16.4.tar.xz
    e9a04fac01548ed807f1e74afa6cecbc  libkscreen-5.16.4.tar.xz
    54f83ba22b7bffb8b29ecb4304eba290  libksysguard-5.16.4.tar.xz
    b9669c56c282a3a99ad8b5c8ab9e28e7  breeze-5.16.4.tar.xz
    6800789a7165d7d0ea5cab3f37a412d8  breeze-gtk-5.16.4.tar.xz
    68d3ce5b520f3295cdf449d129163f31  kscreenlocker-5.16.4.tar.xz
    37b8aa51e815547a0ca7891f6f28bfd1  oxygen-5.16.4.tar.xz
    f0aca5810cbf7d6fe9b234dd188bf866  kinfocenter-5.16.4.tar.xz
    42ad987f068e263e2c04bd46203748aa  ksysguard-5.16.4.tar.xz
    03e03a0d82a2c7a44357a0b70a818364  kwin-5.16.4.tar.xz
    28ecbe477db45e0ec87d04d89cd00a5e  plasma-workspace-5.16.4.tar.xz
    2f5c188ec483ba13a141d01f914fbdca  bluedevil-5.16.4.tar.xz
    d57f164978aa8ddaa2029834197cd79c  kde-gtk-config-5.16.4.tar.xz
    d665005eee4c4f286d02352f3ed1cca8  khotkeys-5.16.4.tar.xz
    8411a6adb83f6d07ce57d68518524a60  kmenuedit-5.16.4.tar.xz
    3e8620ef18c1a077da5b94d2d8da221f  kscreen-5.16.4.tar.xz
    578af3befcb637107e38ef68904549b1  kwallet-pam-5.16.4.tar.xz
    95e8f7c97d92ce842f4cd88e4244164f  kwayland-integration-5.16.4.tar.xz
    0193b8e80dcdff29b9bde53bfcbe57e7  kwrited-5.16.4.tar.xz
    40f100f10fc791b636c90a890d6a72d0  milou-5.16.4.tar.xz
    fdfc54509ba708cc341a0e0b5925c04c  plasma-nm-5.16.4.tar.xz
    243d1a5f17ea39cae8df5051a4d57a74  plasma-pa-5.16.4.tar.xz
    1c6dcff4dd988d57e8666d29436cd770  plasma-workspace-wallpapers-5.16.4.tar.xz
    251a7f86e34c718c76b5463ff923f1f4  polkit-kde-agent-1-5.16.4.tar.xz
    d7d1e680ebb4bd522e09cd3d7c485809  powerdevil-5.16.4.tar.xz
    9f6022331ff678064507f8c1936db3b6  plasma-desktop-5.16.4.tar.xz
    66cf356c39e8e5a361fa5bdbac07ea0e  kdeplasma-addons-5.16.4.tar.xz
    a4bbf8ecc177bb640a21e0b699f41717  kgamma5-5.16.4.tar.xz
    f4cdc68f40a0d9de75080473c5653aeb  ksshaskpass-5.16.4.tar.xz
    #98189f9c245ee94c36b52c0b4899fd6a  plasma-sdk-5.16.4.tar.xz
    0614d7063840aa22c5f273aa94eb59b5  sddm-kcm-5.16.4.tar.xz
    87770cae80be1d91f5a69e6964b35d90  user-manager-5.16.4.tar.xz
    31de7a8ab5233c568331c415a9932afb  discover-5.16.4.tar.xz
    #9cd0a7f9624a2f2b4b0fa56913644431  breeze-grub-5.16.4.tar.xz
    #973aad521ffcd3f4713984ed7c30ffe2  breeze-plymouth-5.16.4.tar.xz
    4fde8ca5608fd6af1612695b7d1574bc  kactivitymanagerd-5.16.4.tar.xz
    31b52d29b0aa1c6be4d90844217c7e63  plasma-integration-5.16.4.tar.xz
    d66af09fc97717ca4da55e37646708c5  plasma-tests-5.16.4.tar.xz
    3544c8e414e44c1a4622fa706dc09e93  plymouth-kcm-5.16.4.tar.xz
    3877c03570407e2382899b76e36e71cf  xdg-desktop-portal-kde-5.16.4.tar.xz
    8a5a274541943f365aa971318b52dc33  drkonqi-5.16.4.tar.xz
    2c323e7f60b6042d0b8c66f0726e7499  plasma-vault-5.16.4.tar.xz
    b48e4ea395f4ca9a98aecb4cb9616186  plasma-browser-integration-5.16.4.tar.xz
    5c1a41d205f55cc7828c485d08a366f3  kde-cli-tools-5.16.4.tar.xz
    39f47836ddf69aed04a26e26899a208a  systemsettings-5.16.4.tar.xz
    EOF

### Note

The breeze-grub, breeze-plymouth, and plymouth-kcm packages above are all for customized support of Plymouth which is designed to be run within an initial ram disk during boot (see the section called “About initramfs”). The plasma-sdk package is optional and used for software development.

## Installation of Plasma5

### Note

When installing multiple packages in a script, the installation needs to be done as the root user. There are three general options that can be used to do this:

1. Run the entire script as the root user (not recommended).

2. Use the sudo command from the Sudo-1.8.27 package.

3. Use su -c "command arguments" (quotes required) which will ask for the root password for every iteration of the loop.

One way to handle this situation is to create a short bash function that automatically selects the appropriate method. Once the command is set in the environment, it does not need to be set again.

    as_root()
    {
      if   [ $EUID = 0 ];        then $*
      elif [ -x /usr/bin/sudo ]; then sudo $*
      else                            su -c \\"$*\\"
      fi
    }

    export -f as_root

First, start a subshell that will exit on error:

    bash -e

Install all of the packages by running the following commands:

    while read -r line; do

        # Get the file name, ignoring comments and blank lines
        if $(echo $line | grep -E -q '^ *$|^#' ); then continue; fi
        file=$(echo $line | cut -d" " -f2)

        pkg=$(echo $file|sed 's|^.*/||')          # Remove directory
        packagedir=$(echo $pkg|sed 's|\.tar.*||') # Package directory

        tar -xf $file
        pushd $packagedir

           # Fix some build issues when generating some configuration files
           case $name in
             plasma-workspace)
               sed -i '/set.HAVE_X11/a set(X11_FOUND 1)' CMakeLists.txt
             ;;

             khotkeys)
               sed -i '/X11Extras/a set(X11_FOUND 1)' CMakeLists.txt
             ;;

             plasma-desktop)
               sed -i '/X11.h)/i set(X11_FOUND 1)' CMakeLists.txt
             ;;
           esac

           mkdir build
           cd    build

           cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$KF5_PREFIX \
                 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release         \
                 -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF                \
                 -Wno-dev ..  &&

            make
            as_root make install
        popd

        as_root rm -rf $packagedir
        as_root /sbin/ldconfig

    done < plasma-5.16.4.md5

    exit

If you did not set `$KF5_PREFIX` to `/usr`, create symlinks to allow display managers to find Plasma:

    as_root install -dvm 755 /usr/share/xsessions              &&
    cd /usr/share/xsessions/                                   &&
    [ -e plasma.desktop ]                                      ||
    as_root ln -sfv $KF5_PREFIX/share/xsessions/plasma.desktop &&
    as_root install -dvm 755 /usr/share/wayland-sessions       &&
    cd /usr/share/wayland-sessions/                            &&
    [ -e plasma.desktop ]                                      ||
    as_root ln -sfv $KF5_PREFIX/share/wayland-sessions/plasma.desktop

## Configuring Plasma

### Linux PAM Configuration

If you built Plasma with the recommended Linux PAM support, create necessary configuration files by running the following commands as the `root` user:

    cat > /etc/pam.d/kde << "EOF"
    # Begin /etc/pam.d/kde

    auth     requisite      pam_nologin.so
    auth     required       pam_env.so

    auth     required       pam_succeed_if.so uid >= 1000 quiet
    auth     include        system-auth

    account  include        system-account
    password include        system-password
    session  include        system-session

    # End /etc/pam.d/kde
    EOF

    cat > /etc/pam.d/kde-np << "EOF"
    # Begin /etc/pam.d/kde-np

    auth     requisite      pam_nologin.so
    auth     required       pam_env.so

    auth     required       pam_succeed_if.so uid >= 1000 quiet
    auth     required       pam_permit.so

    account  include        system-account
    password include        system-password
    session  include        system-session

    # End /etc/pam.d/kde-np
    EOF

    cat > /etc/pam.d/kscreensaver << "EOF"
    # Begin /etc/pam.d/kscreensaver

    auth    include system-auth
    account include system-account

    # End /etc/pam.d/kscreensaver
    EOF

## Starting Plasma5

You can start Plasma5 from a TTY, using xinit-1.4.1.

To start Plasma 5 using xinit-1.4.1, run the following commands:

    cat > ~/.xinitrc << "EOF"
    dbus-launch --exit-with-session $KF5_PREFIX/bin/startkde
    EOF

    startx

The X session starts on the first unused virtual terminal, normally vt7. You can switch to another vtn simultaneously pressing the keys Ctrl-Alt-Fn (n=1, 2, ...). To switch back to the X session, normally started at vt7, use Ctrl-Alt-F7. The vt where the command startx was executed will display many messages, including X starting messages, applications automatically started with the session, and eventually, some warning and error messages. You may prefer to redirect those messages to a log file, which not only will keep the initial vt uncluttered, but can also be used for debugging purposes. This can be done starting X with:

    startx &> ~/x-session-errors

When shutting down or rebooting, the shutdown messages appear on the vt where X was running. If you wish to see those messages, simultaneously press keys Alt-F7 (assuming that X was running on vt7).

If you intend to start Plasma using a display manager such as lightdm-1.30.0, there will be two entries for Plasma, one for use with Xorg, and another for Wayland. Modify the Xorg entry with the following command, as the `root` user, so that you can differentiate between the two:

    sed '/^Name=/s/Plasma/Plasma on Xorg/' -i /usr/share/xsessions/plasma.desktop

## Contents

Installed Programs: There are too many plasma programs (50 in /opt/kf5/bin) to list separately here.
Installed Libraries: There are too many plasma libraries (39 in /opt/kf5/lib) to list separately here.
Installed Directories: There are too many plasma directories (over 1000 in /opt/kf5) to list separately here.

Last updated on 2015-09-24 16:44:04 -0500

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